Translation guide
How to express that something is damaged, broken, or harmed in Japanese, depending on what is damaged and how.
Something is physically broken, cracked, scratched, or otherwise harmed.
General word for something breaking or being broken, often implying it no longer functions properly. Intransitive.
パソコンが壊れた。
My computer broke.
窓ガラスが壊れている。
The window glass is broken.
To be scratched, scarred, or damaged superficially. Can also be used for emotional hurt.
車が傷ついた。
The car got scratched.
Formal/technical term for being damaged, often used in reports or official contexts.
商品が破損した場合、返品できます。
If the product is damaged, you can return it.
A part of the body is injured or harmed.
To be injured or wounded. Can be physical or emotional.
事故で足が傷ついた。
My leg was injured in the accident.
Medical/technical term for tissue or organ damage.
神経が損傷した。
The nerve was damaged.
Someone's reputation, honor, or public image is damaged.
Used for damage to reputation, pride, or feelings.
彼の評判が傷ついた。
His reputation was damaged.
To be impaired or harmed, often used with abstract nouns like trust or dignity.
信用が損なわれた。
Trust was damaged.
Someone's feelings are hurt.
The most common way to say one's feelings are hurt.
その言葉で彼女は傷ついた。
She was hurt by those words.
Explicitly refers to emotional damage.
心が深く傷ついた。
I was deeply hurt.
壊れる is for functional breakage (machines, objects). 傷つく is for surface damage, injuries, or emotional hurt. Don't use 壊れる for feelings.
スマホが壊れた。
My smartphone broke.
プライドが傷ついた。
My pride was hurt.
English 'be damaged' covers many situations, but Japanese uses different verbs. Don't force one word for all contexts.