Translation guide
The English word "bonze" refers to a Buddhist monk, especially in East Asian contexts. In Japanese, the most common and natural equivalent is 僧侶 (そうりょ) or お坊さん (おぼうさん), depending on formality and context.
To refer to a Buddhist monk in a general, respectful, or formal context.
A formal, neutral term for a Buddhist monk. Suitable for written or formal spoken contexts.
彼は僧侶として修行している。
He is training as a Buddhist monk.
A polite, common term for a Buddhist monk. Often used in everyday conversation.
お坊さんがお経を読んでいる。
The monk is chanting sutras.
A more casual, sometimes slightly rough term for a monk. Can be used among close acquaintances but may be impolite in formal settings.
あの坊さんはいつも笑っている。
That monk is always smiling.
A concise term for a monk, often used in compound words or formal writing.
高僧が説法を行った。
A high-ranking monk gave a sermon.
To refer to a monk of a particular Buddhist sect or with a specific role.
A Zen Buddhist monk.
禅僧は座禅を組む。
A Zen monk practices zazen meditation.
The head priest or abbot of a temple, often a monk.
A Buddhist nun. Note that "bonze" typically refers to male monks, but this is the female equivalent.
To address or refer to a monk in a respectful manner, often with honorifics.
When addressing a monk directly, use their title (e.g., 住職, 和尚) followed by さん or 様 for politeness.
住職さん、お話を伺えますか？
Head priest, may I ask you something?
A term for a high-ranking or respected monk, often used as a title. Can be used with さん.
和尚さんが説教をしてくれた。
The venerable monk gave us a sermon.
The English word 'bonze' is rare and may sound archaic or exotic. In Japanese, simply use 僧侶 or お坊さん. Do not try to transliterate 'bonze' into Japanese.
お坊さん is the safest choice in most situations. 坊さん can be too casual and may offend if used inappropriately. When in doubt, use お坊さん or 僧侶.
住職が法要を執り行った。
The head priest conducted the memorial service.
The nun went out for alms.