Translation guide
How to express that a decline, price, or situation has reached its lowest point and is likely to stabilize or improve.
To say that a price, market, or trend has hit its lowest level and may now rise.
The most common and natural way to say 'bottom out' in economic contexts. Literally 'hit the bottom'.
株価はそろそろ底を打ったようだ。
It seems stock prices have finally bottomed out.
The economy hasn't bottomed out yet.
Often used in financial news. Literally 'attach a bottom price'. Slightly more technical than 底を打つ.
この銘柄は先週底値をつけた。
This stock bottomed out last week.
Means 'renew the lowest price', implying it went even lower. Used when a new record low is set, not necessarily that it has stopped falling.
原油価格が最安値を更新した。
Crude oil prices hit a new low.
To say that a bad situation, feeling, or condition has reached its worst point and may now improve.
Literally 'reach rock bottom'. Used for personal situations, morale, or life circumstances.
失業して、気持ちがどん底に達した。
After losing my job, my spirits bottomed out.
彼の人生はどん底に達したが、そこから立ち直った。
His life bottomed out, but he recovered from there.
Often used when resources, patience, or energy run out completely. Implies hitting the lowest possible level.
A more literal translation, 'reach the lowest'. Understandable but less idiomatic than どん底に達する.
モチベーションが最低に達した。
My motivation bottomed out.
To emphasize that the decline has stopped and a recovery may begin.
Specifically means 'stop falling'. Common in market reports. Focuses on the halt of decline rather than the lowest point.
円安は下げ止まったようだ。
The yen's depreciation seems to have bottomed out.
A noun phrase meaning 'firm bottom movement', indicating prices are not falling further and show resilience.
市場は底堅い動きを見せている。
The market is showing signs of bottoming out.
底を打つ is the standard economic term for 'bottom out'. どん底に達する is more emotional and personal, like 'hit rock bottom'. Use 底を打つ for prices, markets, and trends. Use どん底に達する for feelings, life situations, and morale.
景気は底を打った。
The economy bottomed out.
失恋してどん底に達した。
I hit rock bottom after the breakup.
Do not translate 'bottom out' literally as 底の外 or similar. It will not be understood. Use the idiomatic phrases provided.
Funds have bottomed out (run out).
我慢も底をついた。
My patience has bottomed out.