Translation guide
Describes a cold sensation in the air, weather, or body, often with a nuance of slight but noticeable cold. In Japanese, different words are used for atmospheric chill, bodily coldness, and metaphorical coldness.
Describing a chilly temperature, especially outdoors or in a room, often with a sense of slight but penetrating cold.
The most common word for a slight, skin-penetrating chill in the air, typically in early spring or autumn.
朝の肌寒さが心地よい。
The morning chilliness is pleasant.
There's a chilliness in this room.
Refers to a sharp drop in temperature, often at night or in winter, emphasizing the intensity of the cold.
今夜は冷え込みが厳しい。
The chilliness is severe tonight.
A more formal or literary term for cold air or a cold atmosphere, often used in weather reports.
寒気が流れ込んでいる。
A chilliness is flowing in.
Feeling cold in the body, such as chills from illness or a sudden cold sensation.
The most common word for chills or a shivery feeling, often associated with fever or fear.
風邪で寒気がする。
I feel chilliness from a cold.
怖くて寒気が走った。
I felt a chill run down my spine from fear.
Refers to a persistent coldness in the body, often used in health contexts like poor circulation.
Describing a cold, distant attitude or atmosphere in social interactions.
Used for emotional coldness, such as a person's demeanor or a relationship.
彼の態度には冷たさがあった。
There was a chilliness in his attitude.
A more formal term for indifference or cold-heartedness.
彼女の冷淡さに傷ついた。
I was hurt by her chilliness.
肌寒さ (hadazamusa) is used for environmental chilliness, while 寒気 (samuke) is for bodily chills. Don't confuse them.
外に出ると肌寒さを感じた。
I felt the chilliness when I went outside.
熱で寒気がする。
I have chills from a fever.
Avoid directly translating 'chilliness' as 冷たさ (tsumetasa) for weather; it sounds unnatural. Use 肌寒さ or 冷え込み instead.
I'm concerned about the chilliness in my body.