Translation guide
The English word "crane" can refer to a large bird, a machine for lifting heavy objects, or the action of stretching one's neck. Each meaning has distinct Japanese equivalents.
Referring to the large, long-legged, long-necked bird, especially the red-crowned crane, which is a symbol of luck and longevity in Japan.
General term for crane (bird). In Japanese culture, the crane (especially the red-crowned crane, 丹頂鶴) is a symbol of good fortune and longevity. The folded paper crane (折り鶴) is also iconic.
Referring to a tall machine used for lifting and moving heavy objects, typically on construction sites or at ports.
The action of stretching one's neck to see something better, often because of curiosity or obstruction.
Literally 'stretch one's neck'. Used when craning to see something, often over a crowd or obstacle.
彼は首を伸ばしてステージを見ようとした。
He craned his neck to see the stage.
The word 鶴 (つる) only refers to the bird. Using it for a construction crane will cause confusion. Always use クレーン or 起重機 for the machine.
Cranes are highly revered in Japan. The red-crowned crane (丹頂鶴) is a symbol of luck, fidelity, and longevity. The tradition of folding 1,000 paper cranes (千羽鶴) is well-known.
It is said that cranes live for a thousand years.
折り鶴を千羽折ると願いが叶う。
If you fold a thousand paper cranes, your wish will come true.
Specifically the red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis), a resident of Hokkaido and a designated special natural monument.
北海道で丹頂鶴を見た。
I saw red-crowned cranes in Hokkaido.
Loanword from English, widely used for all types of cranes (construction, port, etc.).
工事現場に大きなクレーンが立っている。
A large crane is standing at the construction site.
クレーンで重い鉄骨を持ち上げる。
Lift heavy steel frames with a crane.
Formal or technical term for a crane (lifting machine). Often used in specifications or official documents.
この工場では起重機を導入した。
This factory introduced a crane.
The children were craning their necks to see the panda at the zoo.
Literally 'stand on tiptoe' or 'stretch oneself'. Often used when craning to see over something, implying physical stretching upward.
彼女は背伸びをして窓の外を見た。
She craned her neck to look out the window.