Translation guide
The act of executing someone by nailing or binding them to a cross. In Japanese, this is most commonly expressed with the noun はりつけ (磔), but the specific Christian context of Jesus's crucifixion often uses じゅうじか (十字架) or related phrases.
Referring to the historical punishment of nailing or tying a person to a cross.
The standard noun for crucifixion as a form of execution. Can also be used as a verb with する (磔にする).
古代ローマでは磔が一般的な処刑法だった。
In ancient Rome, crucifixion was a common method of execution.
Verb phrase meaning 'to crucify someone'. More direct than the noun form.
反乱者たちは磔にされた。
The rebels were crucified.
A more formal or literary term for crucifixion as a punishment. Less common in everyday speech.
磔刑は残酷な刑罰として知られている。
Crucifixion is known as a cruel punishment.
Specifically referring to the crucifixion of Jesus in Christian theology.
Direct phrase meaning 'the crucifixion of Jesus'. Natural and clear.
キリスト教ではイエスの磔が重要な出来事です。
In Christianity, the crucifixion of Jesus is an important event.
A more descriptive phrase: 'the fact that Jesus was put on the cross'. Common in explanations.
イエスが十字架にかけられたことは、人類の罪の贖いとされています。
The crucifixion of Jesus is considered atonement for the sins of humanity.
Refers to the Passion of Christ, including the crucifixion. Used in religious contexts.
Using 'crucifixion' to mean severe criticism, suffering, or destruction.
Japanese does not typically use 磔 metaphorically. Instead, use phrases like 厳しい批判 (severe criticism) or 苦しみ (suffering).
彼はメディアから厳しい批判を受けた。
He faced a crucifixion by the media.
While 磔にする exists, it is not used metaphorically like English 'crucify' (e.g., 'the critics crucified him'). Use 厳しく批判する or similar instead.
批評家たちはその映画を厳しく批判した。
The critics crucified the movie.
磔 (はりつけ) refers to the act of crucifixion, while 十字架 (じゅうじか) means 'cross'. In Christian contexts, 十字架 is often used to refer to the crucifixion event indirectly, e.g., 十字架の死 (death on the cross).
I saw a painting depicting the Passion of Christ at the church.