Translation guide
To subtract or take away an amount from a total, often in financial or formal contexts.
To reduce a sum by a specific amount, such as in calculations, payments, or accounting.
The most common and versatile verb for deducting or subtracting an amount from a total. Used in financial, business, and everyday contexts.
To remove points, marks, or credit as a penalty or adjustment.
Used for deducting points in tests, games, or evaluations.
遅刻すると減点されます。
Points will be deducted if you are late.
スペルミスで1点減点された。
One point was deducted for a spelling mistake.
To reach a conclusion by reasoning from known facts (deductive reasoning).
General term for inference or reasoning, including deduction.
与えられたデータから結果を推論する。
Deduce the result from the given data.
差し引く is the general term for deducting an amount. 控除する is formal and used for tax/legal deductions. 天引きする specifically means automatic deduction from salary or payments.
English 'deduct' is sometimes used metaphorically (e.g., 'deduct points for style'). In Japanese, use 減点する for points, not 差し引く unless it's a numerical subtraction.
Tax is deducted from the salary.
合計金額から割引分を差し引いてください。
Please deduct the discount from the total amount.
Formal term used in tax, legal, and official contexts for deductions or exemptions.
医療費控除を申請する。
Apply for a medical expense deduction.
この経費は課税所得から控除できます。
This expense can be deducted from taxable income.
Specifically refers to automatic deductions from salary or payments, such as taxes, insurance, or loan repayments.
社会保険料は毎月の給料から天引きされます。
Social insurance premiums are deducted from the monthly salary.
Formal or literary verb meaning to subtract or reduce. Rare in everyday speech.
収入から必要経費を減じた額が所得となる。
The amount after deducting necessary expenses from income becomes the income.
Can also be used in scoring contexts, though 減点する is more specific.
そのミスで5点差し引かれた。
Five points were deducted for that mistake.
Strictly means deductive reasoning in logic or philosophy. Very technical.
一般原則から個別の事象を演繹する。
Deduce specific phenomena from general principles.