Translation guide
The condition of relying on a drug, physically or psychologically. In Japanese, this is most commonly expressed with 薬物依存, but related terms distinguish between addiction, physical dependence, and psychological dependence.
The broad condition of being dependent on drugs, including both physical and psychological aspects.
The standard term for drug dependence, used in medical and everyday contexts.
彼は薬物依存の治療を受けている。
He is receiving treatment for drug dependence.
Literally 'drug dependence syndrome', often used in clinical settings.
薬物依存症は深刻な病気です。
Drug dependence is a serious illness.
Emphasizing the compulsive, psychological aspect of drug use.
Often translated as 'drug addiction' or 'drug poisoning'. It implies a strong, harmful addiction.
薬物中毒から抜け出すのは難しい。
It's difficult to break free from drug addiction.
General term for addiction, often used with the substance name (e.g., 薬物依存症).
The body's adaptation to a drug, leading to withdrawal symptoms.
Specifically refers to physical dependence, as opposed to psychological dependence.
身体的依存は離脱症状を引き起こす。
Physical dependence causes withdrawal symptoms.
The emotional or mental reliance on a drug.
Refers to psychological dependence, the craving or compulsion to use a drug.
精神的依存は長期間続くことがある。
Psychological dependence can last a long time.
While both can translate to 'dependence' or 'addiction', 依存 (izon) is broader and can refer to any kind of reliance (e.g., alcohol dependence, internet dependence). 中毒 (chūdoku) often implies poisoning or a more severe, harmful addiction. In medical contexts, 依存 is preferred for 'dependence', while 中毒 is used for 'addiction' or 'intoxication'.
彼は依存症と闘っている。
He is battling addiction.