Translation guide
Describes things that last a long time without breaking or wearing out. Japanese has several words for 'durable' depending on what is being described and the nuance.
To describe objects or materials that are strong and resist wear, damage, or breakage over time.
The most common and versatile word for 'durable' or 'sturdy'. Used for everyday objects like furniture, clothing, bags, etc. Implies physical toughness and resistance to damage.
この靴はとても丈夫で長持ちします。
These shoes are very durable and last a long time.
丈夫な素材で作られたバッグ。
A bag made of durable material.
Emphasizes solidity and robustness, often used for structures, machinery, or heavy-duty items. Stronger than 丈夫.
この机は頑丈で、少々乱暴に扱っても壊れない。
This desk is durable; it won't break even if handled roughly.
Literally 'has durability'. More formal and often used in product descriptions or technical contexts.
この製品は耐久性に優れています。
This product is highly durable.
Verb phrase meaning 'to last a long time'. Focuses on longevity rather than physical toughness. Often used for consumables or items that wear out slowly.
この電池は長持ちします。
These batteries are durable (last a long time).
To describe things that withstand environmental factors like water, sun, or heavy use without deteriorating.
Specifically means 'water-resistant' or 'waterproof'. Use when durability against water is the focus.
この時計は耐水性があるので、雨の日でも安心です。
This watch is durable (water-resistant), so it's safe even on rainy days.
Can also imply general resistance to wear and tear, but less specific than 耐水性 etc.
この布地は丈夫で、洗濯しても色落ちしにくい。
This fabric is durable and doesn't fade easily even after washing.
To describe non-physical things that last or remain strong over time.
Means 'permanent' or 'lasting'. Used for abstract concepts like peace, relationships, or systems.
永続的な平和を築く。
Build a durable peace.
Means 'sustainable'. Often used in environmental or economic contexts, implying durability over the long term.
丈夫 is the go-to word for everyday durability (clothes, shoes, bags). 頑丈 implies a heavier, more solid durability (furniture, buildings, machines). Using 頑丈 for a shirt would sound odd.
このシャツは丈夫だ。
This shirt is durable.
この金庫は頑丈だ。
This safe is durable (solid).
丈夫 can mean 'healthy' or 'robust' when describing a person's body, but it does not mean 'durable' in the sense of 'emotionally durable' or 'a durable worker'. For emotional resilience, use 精神的に強い (せいしんてきにつよい) or similar.
持続可能な社会を目指す。
Aim for a durable (sustainable) society.