Translation guide
In Japanese, the concept of 'electric charge' is expressed using the noun 電荷 (でんか) in scientific and technical contexts. For everyday references to the charge of a battery or device, the term 充電 (じゅうでん) is used, often as part of compound verbs or nouns.
The fundamental property of matter that causes it to experience a force in an electromagnetic field.
The standard scientific term for electric charge, used in physics and engineering.
電子は負の電荷を持っている。
An electron has a negative electric charge.
The amount of energy stored in a battery or the state of being charged, often in everyday contexts.
Refers to charging a battery or the state of charge. Often used in compound verbs like 充電する (to charge) or nouns like 充電器 (charger).
スマホの充電が切れそうだ。
My smartphone is about to run out of charge.
バッテリーを充電してください。
Please charge the battery.
Specifically refers to the amount of charge or charge level, often used in technical or precise contexts.
充電量が少なくなっています。
The charge level is getting low.
Referring to the service or supply of electricity for charging devices or vehicles.
Used for charging services, such as for electric cars or public charging stations.
このエリアには充電サービスがあります。
There is an electric charge service in this area.
電荷 (でんか) is the physical property of electric charge, while 充電 (じゅうでん) refers to the process or state of charging a battery. Using 電荷 for a phone battery would sound unnatural.
スマホの電荷が少ない。
The electric charge of my smartphone is low. (unnatural)
スマホの充電が少ない。
My smartphone's battery is low. (natural)