Translation guide
The English verb 'enquire' (also spelled 'inquire') means to ask for information. In Japanese, the most natural way to express this depends on what you are asking about and the level of politeness required. Common translations include 尋ねる (tazuneru), 問い合わせる (toiawaseru), and 聞く (kiku).
General asking for information, similar to 'ask'.
The most common and versatile verb for 'ask'. Can be used in casual and polite contexts. Note that 聞く also means 'listen/hear', but context usually makes it clear.
ちょっと聞きたいことがあるんですが。
I have something I'd like to ask you.
彼に道を聞いた。
I asked him for directions.
A slightly more formal verb for 'ask' or 'inquire'. Often used when seeking specific information or looking for someone.
駅への道を尋ねた。
I asked the way to the station.
彼は私に住所を尋ねた。
He asked me for my address.
Means 'to ask a question'. More specific than 聞く, often used in formal or educational settings.
授業中に質問してもいいですか。
May I ask a question during class?
Contacting a business, institution, or official body to request information.
The standard verb for making an inquiry to a company, government office, etc. Implies a formal request for information.
詳細については、直接お問い合わせください。
For details, please inquire directly.
電話で問い合わせた。
I inquired by phone.
A noun-phrase version of 問い合わせる, often used in business contexts.
メールで問い合わせをしました。
I made an inquiry by email.
To examine or research a matter, often officially.
Means 'to investigate' or 'to look up'. Used when you are actively searching for information, not just asking someone.
その問題について調べてみます。
I will look into the matter.
警察が事件を調べている。
The police are investigating the case.
聞く (kiku) is the most general and can mean 'ask' or 'listen'. 尋ねる (tazuneru) is more formal and often used for asking directions or specific information. 質問する (shitsumon suru) specifically means 'to ask a question' and is common in classrooms or interviews.
In English, 'inquire after someone' means to ask about their health. In Japanese, this is usually expressed with 安否を尋ねる (anpi o tazuneru) or simply お元気ですか (o-genki desu ka).
A formal term for 'interrogate' or 'investigate thoroughly', used in legal or police contexts.
容疑者を取り調べる。
To interrogate a suspect.