Translation guide
The English word 'finance' covers a broad range of meanings from personal money management to corporate funding and the academic field. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression based on the specific context.
Managing one's own money, household budget, or personal financial situation.
Refers specifically to household finances or family budget. Commonly used in contexts like managing expenses, household accounts, etc.
家計の見直しをする。
I will review my household finances.
Can refer to personal financial circumstances, but more commonly used for public or organizational finances. Use with caution for personal contexts.
Often implies a broader or more formal financial situation; 家計 is more natural for everyday household money matters.
Managing money within a company, including funding, investment, and financial operations.
The standard term for corporate finance, covering financial management, accounting, and treasury functions within a company.
The academic discipline or subject of finance.
The academic study of finance, often as a university course or field of research.
大学で金融論を専攻している。
I'm majoring in finance at university.
Management of money by governments or public institutions.
The act of providing money for a project, purchase, or venture.
A general and natural way to say 'to finance' or 'to provide funds'.
銀行がプロジェクトに資金を提供した。
The bank financed the project.
財務 (zaimu) is internal corporate financial management. 金融 (kin'yuu) is the financial industry, banking, and monetary flow. 財政 (zaisei) is public or governmental finance. Choose based on the entity managing the money.
The loanword ファイナンス is understood but sounds technical or academic. For everyday personal money matters, use 家計. For corporate contexts, 財務 is more natural.
家計を立て直さないと。
I need to get my finances in order.
彼女は財務の仕事をしています。
She works in finance.
政府の財政は危機的だ。
The government's finances are in trouble.
家の財政が苦しい。
Our household finances are tight.
彼は財務部で働いている。
He works in the finance department.
Refers to finance in the sense of banking, lending, and capital markets. Often used for the financial industry or monetary transactions.
金融機関から融資を受ける。
Receive financing from a financial institution.
Specifically means 'fundraising' or 'financing' in the sense of procuring capital for a business.
新規事業のための資金調達が必要だ。
We need financing for the new business.
The loanword 'finance' used in academic or professional contexts, often in course titles or research areas.
ファイナンスの理論を学ぶ。
Study finance theory.
The primary term for public finance, government budgets, and fiscal policy.
国の財政が悪化している。
The nation's finances are deteriorating.
Refers to public financing or government-backed financial activities.
公的金融機関が支援を行う。
Public financial institutions provide support.
Specifically means to lend money or provide a loan, often used in banking contexts.
銀行が企業に融資する。
The bank finances the company (through loans).
Means to invest or put up capital, often in a business venture.
彼は新会社に出資した。
He financed the new company (by investing).