Translation guide
A grant-in-aid is a sum of money given by a government or organization to fund a specific project or activity, often in education, research, or public services. In Japanese, this concept is expressed through several terms that vary by formality, context, and the nature of the funding.
To refer to a financial grant from a government or public body to support a particular project, often in research, education, or local development.
The most common and general term for a government subsidy or grant. It covers a wide range of financial assistance from national or local governments to individuals, companies, or organizations for specific purposes.
この研究は政府の補助金で行われた。
This research was conducted with a government grant.
補助金を申請するには、詳細な計画書が必要です。
To apply for a grant, a detailed project plan is required.
Often used for grants that support research, academic activities, or artistic endeavors. It emphasizes 'assistance' or 'promotion' of a specific field.
若手研究者向けの助成金が増えた。
Grants for young researchers have increased.
Refers to funds disbursed by the government, often to local governments or specific institutions, based on legal or budgetary allocations. It implies a more formal, often obligatory transfer.
地方交付金は自治体の重要な財源だ。
Local allocation grants are an important revenue source for municipalities.
To refer to financial aid given to students to support their education or research, often merit-based.
The standard term for a scholarship or student grant. It can be either a grant that does not need to be repaid or a loan, depending on the context. Often used for both undergraduate and graduate support.
彼は奨学金をもらって留学した。
He studied abroad on a scholarship.
Specifically a grant-type scholarship that does not require repayment. Use this to clarify that it is not a loan.
給付型奨学金の制度が拡充された。
The grant-type scholarship system has been expanded.
To refer to money provided to researchers or institutions to conduct specific studies.
The most direct term for a research grant. It combines 'research' (研究) and 'grant' (助成金).
このプロジェクトは科学研究費の助成を受けている。
This project is funded by a scientific research grant.
Abbreviation for 科学研究費助成事業 (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research), the major Japanese government research funding program. Commonly used in academic contexts.
科研費に応募する締め切りは来月です。
The deadline to apply for the KAKENHI grant is next month.
補助金 is the broadest term for any government subsidy or grant. 助成金 often implies support for specific activities like research or arts, while 交付金 refers to funds allocated by law, often to local governments.
補助金は様々な分野で使われる。
Subsidies are used in various fields.
芸術活動への助成金が削減された。
Grants for artistic activities were cut.
The English term 'grant-in-aid' is a specific legal/financial term. In Japanese, there is no single exact equivalent; the appropriate word depends on the context. Using 補助金 as a catch-all is usually safe, but be aware of nuances.