Translation guide
The English phrasal verb 'hand out' means to distribute or give something to multiple people, often by hand. In Japanese, the most natural translation depends on what is being distributed and the context.
To give something to each person in a group, such as papers, flyers, or goods.
The most common and general verb for distributing items to people. It implies handing something out to each person individually.
先生がプリントを配った。
The teacher handed out the handouts.
チラシを道で配っている。
They are handing out flyers on the street.
A more formal term, often used in official or business contexts for distributing materials or documents.
会議で資料を配布した。
We handed out materials at the meeting.
Literally 'hand over', emphasizes the act of passing something directly into someone's hand. Used when the physical transfer is important.
一人一人にパンフレットを手渡した。
I handed a pamphlet to each person.
To give something away, often for free or without expecting return, like samples or gifts.
Also used for giving out free items. The context makes the meaning clear.
お店で試供品を配っていた。
They were handing out free samples at the store.
Explicitly states 'hand out for free'. Use when you want to emphasize that no payment is required.
新製品のサンプルを無料で配っています。
We are handing out samples of the new product for free.
To give out something abstract like advice, criticism, or assignments.
General verb for 'give', used for abstract things. Often implies a sense of authority or bestowal.
先生は生徒にアドバイスを与えた。
The teacher handed out advice to the students.
裁判官は厳しい判決を与えた。
The judge handed out a harsh sentence.
Specifically for handing out a sentence, verdict, or official decision. Common in legal contexts.
配る is the everyday verb for handing out physical items. 配布する is more formal and often used in written announcements or business settings. For casual conversation, stick with 配る.
The English 'hand out' is a phrasal verb. Do not try to translate it word-for-word into Japanese. There is no direct equivalent of 'hand' + 'out'. Use the appropriate verb based on context.
裁判所は被告に有罪判決を言い渡した。
The court handed down a guilty verdict to the defendant.