Translation guide
The English word 'indemnity' covers legal/financial compensation, protection against loss, and exemption from liability. In Japanese, different terms are used depending on whether you mean monetary compensation, contractual indemnification, or insurance coverage.
Monetary payment or reparation for harm, injury, or loss, often in legal or insurance contexts.
General term for compensation or reparation, especially in legal contexts. Often used in compounds like 損害賠償 (damages).
被害者に賠償金を支払う。
Pay indemnity to the victim.
Compensation for loss or damage, often used in insurance or when making up for a loss. Slightly broader than 賠償, can include non-monetary compensation.
保険会社が損害を補償した。
The insurance company provided indemnity for the damage.
Specifically 'damages' or 'compensation for damages', the most common legal term for indemnity in civil cases.
会社は損害賠償を請求された。
The company was sued for indemnity.
A guarantee against financial loss, often in contracts or insurance policies.
Guarantee or security, often used in the sense of protecting someone from loss or ensuring a certain outcome. Note: same reading as 補償 but different nuance.
契約には損害に対する保障条項が含まれている。
The contract includes an indemnity clause against losses.
Exemption from liability; often used in legal disclaimers or indemnity clauses where one party agrees not to hold the other responsible.
A type of insurance that compensates for actual losses rather than a fixed sum.
Technical insurance term for indemnity insurance, where payout is based on actual loss incurred.
この保険は実損填補保険です。
This is an indemnity insurance policy.
These three words are all read ほしょう but have distinct meanings. 賠償 (baishō) is compensation for damages, often legal. 補償 (hoshō) is compensation for loss, often insurance-related. 保障 (hoshō) is a guarantee or security against loss. Choose based on whether you emphasize legal liability, making up for a loss, or providing a safety net.
There is no single Japanese word that covers all uses of 'indemnity'. Translating it directly as インデムニティ is not common and may not be understood. Always use the appropriate term based on context.
この契約には免責条項がある。
This contract has an indemnity clause.