Translation guide
The English word "intent" can refer to a person's purpose, determination, or focused attention. In Japanese, expressing this concept depends on whether you mean a plan, a strong resolve, or being absorbed in something. This guide covers the most natural ways to convey each nuance.
Expressing what someone plans to do or the reason behind an action.
The most direct and common translation for "intent" as a purpose or plan. Neutral and widely used.
What is his intent?
意図を明確にしてください。
Please clarify your intent.
Often translated as "purpose" or "objective," but can overlap with "intent" when referring to a goal.
彼の目的は何ですか？
What is his purpose/intent?
Used to express one's intention to do something. More casual and personal than 意図.
行くつもりです。
I intend to go.
Emphasizing strong will or firm decision to achieve something.
Conveys a firm decision or resolve. Often used in formal or serious contexts.
彼は成功する決意だ。
He is intent on succeeding.
Refers to will or volition. Can be used for "intent" when highlighting mental determination.
強い意志を持つ。
To have strong intent/will.
Describing someone deeply absorbed or concentrating on something.
Means to be absorbed or engrossed in something. Often used for "intent on" an activity.
彼は読書に没頭している。
He is intent on reading.
Adverb meaning "eagerly" or "intently." Used to describe doing something with focused attention.
彼は熱心に話を聞いた。
He listened intently.
Used in legal, business, or official contexts to refer to the intention behind an action.
Also the standard term in legal contexts. Often paired with 犯罪 (crime) or 契約 (contract).
犯罪の意図はなかった。
There was no criminal intent.
Specifically means "intentional" or "willful," often used in legal settings to distinguish from negligence.
故意にやったのか？
Did you do it with intent?
意図 (ito) is the most direct translation for "intent" as a plan or purpose. 目的 (mokuteki) is closer to "objective" or "goal." つもり (tsumori) is a casual way to express personal intention, similar to "I plan to..." or "I intend to..."
English phrases like "intent on doing something" should not be translated word-for-word. Use expressions like 没頭している (bottou shite iru) for absorption or 決意している (ketsui shite iru) for determination.