Translation guide
The English word "invalid" has two main meanings: (1) not valid or legally acceptable, and (2) a person weakened by illness or injury. This guide covers both.
Expressing that something is not legally or officially acceptable, or not based on correct reasoning.
Referring to someone who is chronically ill, disabled, or bedridden.
The English word 'invalid' has two distinct meanings. In Japanese, they are expressed with completely different words. Make sure to choose the right one based on context.
無効 means 'invalid' from the start or by nature, while 失効 means 'expired' or 'no longer valid' due to the passage of time or a change in conditions.
This contract is invalid.
パスワードが無効です。
The password is invalid.
Attributive form of 無効, used before nouns. 'Invalid' as an adjective.
無効なチケットで入れませんでした。
I couldn't get in with an invalid ticket.
Literally 'has no effect/validity'. Used when something lacks legal force or effectiveness.
この証明書はもう効力がありません。
This certificate is no longer valid.
Expiration or lapse of validity, often used for documents, licenses, or offers that become invalid after a certain time.
このオファーは失効しました。
This offer has expired (become invalid).
Means 'unjust' or 'unreasonable'. Can be used for invalid arguments or reasoning, but not for legal validity.
Not used for legal/official invalidity; use 無効 instead.
その主張は不当だ。
That claim is invalid (unjustified).
General term for a sick person or patient. Can be used for someone who is often ill or bedridden.
彼は長年病人だ。
He has been an invalid for many years.
Literally 'a person of weak constitution'. Describes someone who is frail or sickly, often chronically.
彼女は病弱な人で、よく寝込む。
She is an invalid and often stays in bed.
Literally 'cripple' or 'disabled person'. Can be offensive; used in historical or harsh contexts. Avoid in polite conversation.
Strongly derogatory; use with extreme caution or avoid entirely.
事故で廃人になった。
He became an invalid after the accident.
Specifically means 'bedridden person'. Emphasizes being confined to bed.
祖母は寝たきりの人です。
My grandmother is an invalid (bedridden).