Translation guide
The English word "lock" covers several distinct concepts: a physical locking mechanism, the action of securing something, a lock of hair, and a wrestling hold. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression for each meaning.
A mechanical or electronic device for fastening a door, lid, etc., typically operated by a key or combination.
General term for a lock mechanism, often used in compounds like 鍵穴 (keyhole). Can refer to the lock itself, distinct from the key.
ドアの錠が壊れている。
The door lock is broken.
Commonly means 'key', but can also refer to the lock itself in everyday speech, especially when the context is clear. Often used in set phrases like 鍵をかける (to lock).
玄関の鍵を閉めてください。
Please lock the front door.
Loanword from English, used for modern or electronic locks, or in compound terms like ロック画面 (lock screen).
To fasten or secure something with a lock, or to become fastened.
The most common way to say 'to lock' something. Literally 'to apply the key'. Used for doors, lockers, etc.
出かける前に必ず鍵をかけてください。
Please make sure to lock up before you leave.
Formal or technical term for locking, often used in official contexts or written instructions.
退出の際は必ず施錠すること。
Be sure to lock up when leaving.
Loanword used for digital locks, screens, or modern devices. Also used in sports or gaming contexts.
パソコンをロックするのを忘れた。
I forgot to lock my computer.
Means 'to close/shut'. Can imply locking in context, but not specific. Use with caution.
Does not explicitly mean 'lock'; only use when context makes locking clear.
A small bunch or strand of hair, often curled or separated from the rest.
Refers to a lock or tuft of hair. 房 means a bunch or cluster, often used for hair or grapes.
彼女は髪の房を指に巻き付けた。
She twisted a lock of hair around her finger.
Specifically a curled lock or ringlet. Emphasizes the curl rather than just a strand.
額にかかった巻き毛がかわいい。
The lock of curly hair falling on her forehead is cute.
Literally 'one lock of hair'. More descriptive, used when specifying a single lock.
彼は一房の髪を切って彼女に渡した。
He cut off a lock of hair and gave it to her.
A hold in wrestling or martial arts that restrains an opponent's limb or body.
General term for joint-locking techniques in martial arts, including armlocks, leglocks, etc.
彼は関節技で相手をタップさせた。
He made his opponent tap out with a joint lock.
Used in professional wrestling contexts, often as part of compound names like ヘッドロック (headlock).
ヘッドロックをかける。
Apply a headlock.
Refers to pinning or immobilizing techniques, sometimes overlapping with locks. More common in judo or sumo.
鍵 (かぎ) primarily means 'key', but can mean 'lock' in everyday phrases like 鍵をかける. 錠 (じょう) specifically means the lock mechanism. Use 錠 when you need to be precise about the device.
鍵をなくしたので錠ごと交換した。
I lost the key, so I replaced the entire lock.
鍵をかける is the everyday expression for locking. 施錠する is formal and often seen in written notices or official instructions. Use 鍵をかける in conversation.
施錠を確認してください。 (formal)
Please confirm that it is locked.
鍵かけた？ (casual)
Did you lock it?
Unlock the smartphone.
ドアを閉めた？鍵もかけた？
Did you close the door? Did you lock it too?
固め技で抑え込む。
Pin down with a holding technique.