Translation guide
The English word "madness" can refer to clinical insanity, extreme foolishness, intense anger, or enthusiastic passion. Japanese has distinct words for each nuance, and the best choice depends on context.
Referring to a state of being mentally ill, insane, or losing one's mind, often in a clinical or serious sense.
The most direct and common translation for 'madness' as insanity. It can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, but often carries a literary or dramatic tone.
彼の目には狂気が宿っていた。
There was madness in his eyes.
その事件は彼を狂気に追いやった。
The incident drove him to madness.
A clinical term for mental disorder or insanity. More formal and medical than 狂気.
彼は精神異常を理由に無罪となった。
He was found not guilty by reason of insanity.
Refers to going mad or becoming insane, often used as a verb (発狂する). It emphasizes the onset of madness.
彼はその知らせを聞いて発狂した。
He went mad upon hearing the news.
A suffix or prefix meaning 'madness' or 'insanity', often used in compounds like 狂人 (madman) or 狂犬 (rabid dog). Not used alone.
彼はまるで狂人のようだった。
He was like a madman.
Describing actions or ideas that are extremely foolish, irrational, or reckless.
The noun form of 'foolish' or 'stupid'. It conveys the idea of madness as folly or lack of wisdom.
そんなことをするのは愚かさの極みだ。
Doing such a thing is the height of madness.
An idiomatic phrase meaning 'it's insane' or 'it's madness', used to criticize an action as beyond reason. Literally: 'not the act of a sane person'.
こんな嵐の中を外出するなんて正気の沙汰ではない。
Going out in this storm is madness.
Means 'recklessness' or 'thoughtlessness'. Often used for dangerous, ill-considered actions that could be called madness.
Expressing a state of extreme anger, rage, or being driven mad by fury.
Means 'rage' or 'fury'. It captures the sense of madness that comes from overwhelming anger.
彼は激怒して我を忘れた。
He was beside himself with madness.
Means 'frenzy' or 'going berserk' from anger. It implies a temporary loss of self-control.
Describing a state of being extremely enthusiastic, passionate, or obsessed with something, often in a positive or neutral way.
Means 'wild enthusiasm' or 'frenzy'. It is commonly used for fans, crowds, or intense passion for a hobby.
コンサート会場は熱狂に包まれた。
The concert venue was filled with madness.
Refers to a 'wild excitement' or 'uproar', often used for social phenomena like economic bubbles or fads.
Means 'being absorbed in' or 'crazy about'. It is a very common way to express being mad about something in a positive sense.
While 'madness' can mean anger in English, directly translating it as 狂気 in such contexts may sound overly dramatic or clinical. Use 激怒 or 怒り狂う for anger-driven madness.
狂気 implies a loss of sanity, often with a dark or serious nuance. 愚かさ focuses on foolishness or lack of judgment. Choose based on whether you mean clinical insanity or simple folly.
The plan can only be described as madness.
A verb phrase meaning 'to be mad with anger' or 'to rage'. It combines 怒り (anger) and 狂う (go mad).
彼は怒り狂って部屋をめちゃくちゃにした。
He trashed the room in a fit of madness.
逆上して人を刺してしまった。
In a fit of madness, he stabbed someone.
バブル期の狂騒を覚えている。
I remember the madness of the bubble era.
He is mad about soccer.