Translation guide
The English word "materialism" can refer to a philosophical stance, an excessive focus on possessions, or a scientific view. This guide helps learners choose the right Japanese expression for each meaning.
Express the philosophical theory that physical matter is the only reality and that everything, including thought and consciousness, can be explained by material interactions.
Standard term for philosophical materialism, often used in academic contexts.
彼は唯物論の立場を取っている。
He takes the position of materialism.
Synonym for 唯物論, slightly more formal or ideological.
唯物主義は観念論と対立する。
Materialism is opposed to idealism.
Describe a lifestyle or attitude that prioritizes money and physical goods over spiritual or intellectual values.
Common term for the negative sense of materialism, focusing on consumer goods and wealth.
現代社会は物質主義に傾きすぎている。
Modern society leans too much toward materialism.
Literally 'money-worship', emphasizes greed and obsession with money.
彼の拝金主義的な態度にはうんざりだ。
I'm fed up with his materialistic attitude.
Descriptive phrase meaning 'consumed by material desires', used in literary or emphatic contexts.
物欲にまみれた生活を送る。
Lead a life consumed by materialism.
Refer to the scientific or naturalistic perspective that rejects supernatural explanations.
Same as philosophical materialism; context distinguishes it from the consumerist sense.
科学者は唯物論的な世界観を持つことが多い。
Scientists often have a materialistic worldview.
Specifically 'physicalism', a related term in philosophy of mind, often used in academic contexts.
When referring to the negative focus on possessions, do not use 唯物論 (ゆいぶつろん), which is strictly philosophical. Use 物質主義 (ぶっしつしゅぎ) or 拝金主義 (はいきんしゅぎ) instead.
物質主義 is a broader term for valuing material goods, while 拝金主義 specifically criticizes the worship of money. 拝金主義 is stronger and more judgmental.
物理主義は心の哲学で議論される。
Physicalism is debated in the philosophy of mind.