Translation guide
Describes a person, ideology, or policy that strongly supports national interests and identity, often with patriotic or sometimes exclusionary overtones.
Referring to a person who advocates for national interests, often in a political context.
Describing ideas, movements, or policies that promote national interests.
Adjectival form meaning 'nationalistic' in a state-centered sense. Used for policies, rhetoric, etc.
その政策は国家主義的だと批判された。
The policy was criticized as nationalistic.
Referring to extreme nationalism, often associated with far-right politics.
Right-wing, often implying nationalist or ultranationalist views. Can be used as a noun or adjective.
国家主義 (state nationalism) emphasizes loyalty to the nation-state and its institutions, while 民族主義 (ethnic nationalism) focuses on shared ethnicity, culture, and language. In Japan, 民族主義 is often associated with discussions of ethnic identity, whereas 国家主義 can carry historical connotations of pre-war militarism.
国家主義は時に愛国心と混同される。
State nationalism is sometimes confused with patriotism.
民族主義は多文化社会では議論を呼ぶ。
Ethnic nationalism is controversial in multicultural societies.
Standard term for a nationalist, emphasizing devotion to the state. Neutral to formal.
彼は熱心な国家主義者だ。
He is an ardent nationalist.
Nationalist with a focus on ethnic identity and culture. Often used in discussions of ethnic nationalism.
その政党は民族主義者の支持を集めている。
That political party is gathering support from ethnic nationalists.
Loanword from English, often used in international or comparative contexts. Slightly more casual.
彼は自分をナショナリストだと言っている。
He calls himself a nationalist.
Patriot, not necessarily political. Can overlap with nationalist but emphasizes love of country rather than ideology.
彼は真の愛国者として尊敬されている。
He is respected as a true patriot.
Adjectival form focusing on ethnic nationalism. Common in academic or political analysis.
民族主義的な運動が高まっている。
Ethnic nationalist movements are on the rise.
Loanword adjective, used in casual or international contexts. Less common than native terms.
彼の演説はかなりナショナリスティックだった。
His speech was quite nationalistic.
彼は右翼の政治家として知られている。
He is known as a right-wing politician.
Ultranationalist, explicitly extreme. Used in historical or political contexts.
超国家主義者のグループが抗議活動を行った。
An ultranationalist group staged a protest.
Xenophobic nationalist, emphasizing exclusion of foreigners. Strongly negative connotation.
排外主義者の発言が問題になった。
The xenophobic nationalist's remarks became an issue.
While ナショナリスト is understood, it can sound casual or foreign. In formal or academic contexts, prefer 国家主義者 or 民族主義者 depending on the nuance.
論文では「ナショナリスト」より「国家主義者」を使うべきだ。
In a thesis, you should use '国家主義者' rather than 'ナショナリスト'.
While ナショナリスト is understood, it can sound casual or foreign. In formal or academic contexts, prefer 国家主義者 or 民族主義者 depending on the nuance.
論文では「ナショナリスト」より「国家主義者」を使うべきだ。
In a thesis, you should use '国家主義者' rather than 'ナショナリスト'.