Translation guide
To surpass, exceed, or go beyond someone or something in speed, amount, quality, or achievement.
To run faster, go farther, or physically overtake someone or something.
The most common verb for overtaking or passing someone/something, especially in motion (running, driving).
To be greater than something in number, size, intensity, or standard.
To do better than someone else in a competition, skill, or accomplishment.
A flexible pattern meaning 'is superior to ~'. Replace 〜 with the person/thing being compared.
彼は同僚よりはるかに優れている。
He far outstrips his colleagues.
Both mean 'overtake', but 追い越す focuses on the act of passing, while 追い抜く emphasizes pulling ahead and leaving behind. In many contexts they are interchangeable.
English 'outstrip' is not always a direct match for a single Japanese verb. Choose based on context: speed (追い越す), quantity (上回る), quality (勝る). Using the wrong one can sound unnatural.
He outstripped the runner ahead of him.
Similar to 追い越す, but often implies pulling ahead decisively or surpassing in a race.
最終コーナーで彼を追い抜いた。
I outstripped him at the final corner.
Formal/literary term for surpassing or excelling, often used in abstract or competitive contexts.
彼の記録は従来のものを凌駕している。
His record outstrips the previous ones.
Commonly used for exceeding numbers, expectations, or standards.
需要が供給を上回っている。
Demand is outstripping supply.
General verb for exceeding a limit or threshold; very common.
結果は予想を超えた。
The results outstripped expectations.
To be superior or excel in quality or ability; often used in comparisons.
品質では他社に勝っている。
We outstrip other companies in quality.
To surpass or outdo, often in the face of adversity; can also mean to endure or tide over.
今年の暑さは去年を凌ぐ。
This year's heat outstrips last year's.
To stand out or excel above others; often used for exceptional talent.
彼女はクラスで抜きん出ている。
She outstrips everyone in the class.
Formal term for surpassing in ability or achievement.
彼の才能は他の選手を凌駕している。
His talent outstrips the other players.