Translation guide
The English word "presumption" can refer to an assumption made without proof, an act of taking something for granted, or arrogant behavior. This guide covers natural Japanese expressions for each of these meanings.
Expressing that something is believed to be true without definite proof, often based on probability or incomplete evidence.
A general term for conjecture or guess based on available information. Neutral and widely used.
それは単なる推測に過ぎない。
That's just a presumption.
An assumption made for the sake of argument or as a premise. Often used in logical or hypothetical contexts.
彼が有罪だという仮定に基づいて行動するのは危険だ。
It's dangerous to act on the presumption that he is guilty.
A subjective assumption or belief, often with a nuance of being mistaken or jumping to conclusions.
彼女が来るというのは彼の思い込みだった。
It was his presumption that she would come.
Estimation or inference, often used in formal or technical contexts like law or statistics.
法律では無罪の推定が原則だ。
In law, the presumption of innocence is the principle.
Acting as if something is true or will happen without confirmation, often leading to overstepping.
To jump to a conclusion or assume something without proper basis. Often used when someone is being presumptuous.
彼は私が手伝うと決めつけていた。
He had the presumption that I would help.
To take something for granted; to assume something is natural or one's right.
彼は成功を当然だと思っている。
He has a presumption of success.
Presumptuousness; acting beyond one's status. Very formal and often used in humble expressions.
Describing someone who is overly confident, rude, or acts as if they have more authority than they do.
Impudent, shameless, or presumptuous. Describes someone who oversteps social boundaries.
そんなお願いをするなんて厚かましいですね。
It's presumptuous of you to ask such a thing.
Cheeky, impertinent, or cocky. Often used for younger people who act above their station.
Arrogant, haughty. A stronger term for overbearing pride, often used in formal criticism.
推測 is a general guess based on evidence. 仮定 is a hypothetical assumption for reasoning. 推定 is a formal estimation, often used in legal or statistical contexts.
彼の年齢を推測する。
Guess his age.
仮に彼が犯人だと仮定しよう。
Let's assume he is the culprit.
死亡時刻は午後3時と推定される。
The time of death is estimated to be 3 PM.
There is no single Japanese word that covers all meanings of 'presumption'. Choose the expression based on whether you mean an assumption, taking for granted, or arrogance.
The time of death is estimated to be 3 PM.
There is no single Japanese word that covers all meanings of 'presumption'. Choose the expression based on whether you mean an assumption, taking for granted, or arrogance.
僭越ながら申し上げます。
I take the liberty of saying (though it may be presumptuous).
Shameless, brazen, or impudent. Similar to 厚かましい but often implies a more persistent or annoying attitude.
彼の図々しい態度には驚いた。
I was surprised at his presumptuous attitude.
生意気なことを言うな。
Don't be presumptuous.
彼の傲慢な態度はみんなを怒らせた。
His presumptuous attitude angered everyone.