Translation guide
How to express the idea of 'propose' in Japanese, covering suggesting an idea, proposing marriage, and formal proposals.
To put forward an idea, plan, or suggestion for consideration.
The most common and neutral way to say 'propose' in the sense of suggesting an idea or plan. Suitable for both formal and informal contexts.
新しいプロジェクトを提案しました。
I proposed a new project.
He proposed a budget cut at the meeting.
Noun form meaning 'proposal' or 'suggestion'. Often used with する to make it a verb.
その提案は却下された。
The proposal was rejected.
To advocate or propose an idea, often used for theories, principles, or movements. More formal and intellectual.
彼は新しい教育理論を提唱した。
He proposed a new educational theory.
To ask someone to marry you.
The standard loanword for proposing marriage. Very common and natural.
彼はレストランで彼女にプロポーズした。
He proposed to her at a restaurant.
プロポーズの言葉を考えている。
I'm thinking of what to say when I propose.
A more traditional and formal phrase meaning 'to propose marriage'. Literally 'to apply for marriage'.
彼は彼女に結婚を申し込んだ。
He proposed marriage to her.
A formal and somewhat literary term for proposing marriage. Often used in written contexts or historical settings.
彼は手紙で求婚した。
He proposed by letter.
To formally put forward a person for a position or a motion for a vote.
To recommend or nominate someone for a position, award, etc. Not used for motions.
彼を議長に推薦します。
I propose him for chairperson.
To propose a motion or introduce a topic for discussion in a formal meeting. Used in parliamentary or committee settings.
彼は改正案を発議した。
He proposed an amendment.
提案する means 'to suggest an idea' and is not used for marriage proposals. Use プロポーズする or 結婚を申し込む instead.
彼女に提案した。
I suggested something to her. (Not 'I proposed to her'.)