Translation guide
How to express the idea of physically supporting something to keep it from falling, or metaphorically supporting a person, system, or situation.
To hold something up or prevent it from falling over, often temporarily.
To provide help, encouragement, or resources to keep someone or something going.
To make a quick, temporary repair or arrangement to keep something functioning.
支える is a versatile verb for both physical and abstract support. 支援する is more formal and often implies organized aid or backing, such as from an institution.
English 'prop up' often implies using a physical prop. In Japanese, 支える is more general and doesn't always require a prop. Use 立てかける when leaning something, and つっかえ棒をする when using a pole specifically.
General verb for physically supporting something. Can be used for objects, people, or abstract things.
倒れそうな棚を手で支えた。
I propped up the shelf that was about to fall with my hand.
To lean something against a wall or other surface to keep it upright.
ほうきを壁に立てかけた。
I propped the broom up against the wall.
To prop something up with a pole or stick. Often used for plants or heavy objects.
重い枝につっかえ棒をした。
I propped up the heavy branch with a pole.
Also used metaphorically for emotional, financial, or structural support.
彼女は家族を経済的に支えている。
She is propping up her family financially.
To support or back up, often used for organizations, projects, or people in need.
政府は中小企業を支援している。
The government is propping up small and medium-sized enterprises.
To enable someone or something to hold out or endure. Implies preventing collapse under pressure.
彼の励ましが私を持ちこたえさせた。
His encouragement propped me up.
To make do with a temporary fix. Often used when you don't have the proper materials or time.
壊れた椅子をテープで間に合わせた。
I propped up the broken chair with tape for now.
To improvise a stopgap measure. Emphasizes the temporary, makeshift nature.
その場しのぎの対策では長くもたない。
Propping it up with a makeshift solution won't last long.