Translation guide
In Japanese, the concept of 'rations' is expressed through words for distributed food supplies, military provisions, or emergency food. The most common term is 配給 (haikyū) for general rationing, while 兵糧 (hyōrō) is used for military contexts. For modern emergency supplies, 非常食 (hijōshoku) is standard.
Food or supplies distributed in fixed amounts, especially during shortages or in institutional settings.
Refers to the act of rationing or the rations themselves. Commonly used for government or institutional distribution of food and goods.
戦時中は食料の配給が制限されていた。
During the war, food rations were restricted.
配給を受けるために長い列ができた。
A long line formed to receive rations.
Specifically refers to rationed goods or items distributed as rations.
配給品の米は一人当たり一日一合だった。
The rice ration was one gō per person per day.
Food supplies for soldiers, especially in the field.
Traditional term for military provisions or army rations. Often used in historical contexts.
兵糧が尽きて城は陥落した。
The castle fell when the rations ran out.
Provisions or food supplies, often used in military or expedition contexts.
Modern term for combat rations, equivalent to MREs (Meals Ready-to-Eat).
自衛隊の戦闘糧食は種類が豊富だ。
The Self-Defense Forces' combat rations come in many varieties.
Food stored for emergencies like natural disasters.
Emergency food supplies kept for disasters. Very common in Japan due to earthquake preparedness.
非常食として缶詰や乾パンを備蓄している。
We stock canned goods and hardtack as emergency rations.
Preserved food; can refer to long-lasting food for emergencies or outdoor activities.
A fixed amount of food given to a person for a day or a meal, often in institutional settings.
General term for food or provisions. Can mean rations when context implies a fixed allowance.
囚人には一日二回の食料が支給される。
Prisoners are given rations twice a day.
Literally 'one day's worth of food', used to specify daily rations.
避難所では一日分の食料が配られた。
At the shelter, daily rations were distributed.
配給 (haikyū) is the general term for rationing or distributed rations, often used in historical or institutional contexts. 非常食 (hijōshoku) specifically means emergency food stored for disasters. 兵糧 (hyōrō) is a traditional term for military provisions, while 戦闘糧食 (sentō ryōshoku) is the modern military term. For everyday talk about emergency supplies, 非常食 is most natural.
戦時中は配給が厳しかった。
Rationing was strict during the war.
非常食の賞味期限を確認する。
Check the expiration date of emergency rations.
The loanword レーション (rēshon) exists but is mainly used for military MREs or in specific contexts like camping. It is not a general term for rationed food. Use 配給 or 非常食 instead.
× 戦時中はレーションが配られた。
Incorrect: 'During the war, rations were distributed.' (sounds like MREs were handed out)
○ 戦時中は配給が配られた。
Correct: 'During the war, rations were distributed.'
部隊は糧食を携行して行軍した。
The unit marched carrying their rations.
登山には保存食を持っていく。
I take preserved food (rations) when mountain climbing.