Translation guide
The process of particles settling out of a fluid, or the resulting deposit. In Japanese, the term depends on context: natural settling, industrial processes, geology, or medical/biological uses.
The natural process where suspended particles sink and accumulate at the bottom of a liquid.
The most common general term for sedimentation, used in science and everyday contexts. Can refer to both the process and the resulting sediment.
泥水を放置すると沈殿が起こる。
If you leave muddy water, sedimentation occurs.
Often used in geology for the accumulation of sediments over time, forming layers. Can also refer to general accumulation.
河口では土砂の堆積が進む。
Sedimentation of sand and mud progresses at river mouths.
Refers specifically to the sinking or settling of particles, often used in technical contexts like chemistry or physics. Less common in everyday language.
粒子の沈降速度を測定する。
Measure the sedimentation velocity of particles.
The engineered process of removing suspended solids from water or wastewater by settling.
Standard term for sedimentation as a treatment process in water purification or sewage treatment.
浄水場では沈殿処理によって濁りを取り除く。
At water purification plants, turbidity is removed by sedimentation treatment.
Emphasizes the separation aspect, often used in chemical engineering.
この装置は沈殿分離によって固形物を回収する。
This device recovers solids by sedimentation separation.
The long-term deposition of sediment that forms sedimentary rocks.
The geological process of sedimentation, including transport and deposition.
この地層は河川の堆積作用によって形成された。
This stratum was formed by fluvial sedimentation.
Can be used alone to mean sedimentation in a geological context, especially when referring to the resulting deposits.
The settling of cells or particles in a fluid, such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
The specific medical term for erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Often abbreviated as 赤沈 (せきちん).
炎症があると赤血球沈降速度が上昇する。
The erythrocyte sedimentation rate increases when there is inflammation.
Used in compound terms for sedimentation in biological fluids.
沈殿 (ちんでん) is the most general term for particles settling in a liquid. 堆積 (たいせき) emphasizes accumulation over time, especially in geology. 沈降 (ちんこう) is more technical and focuses on the sinking motion itself.
化学実験では沈殿が生じた。
A precipitate formed in the chemistry experiment.
長年の堆積で地層が厚くなった。
The strata thickened due to sedimentation over many years.
沈降速度は粒子の大きさに依存する。
Sedimentation velocity depends on particle size.
堆積岩は堆積物が固まってできる。
Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediments solidify.
血沈は血液の沈降反応を調べる検査だ。
The blood sedimentation test is an examination that checks the sedimentation reaction of blood.