Translation guide
The English word "serious" covers a wide range of meanings, from describing a person's earnest character to the gravity of a situation. This guide breaks down the most common uses for learners and provides natural Japanese equivalents.
Describing a person, attitude, or statement that is sincere, not joking, or deeply committed.
The most common and versatile word for a serious, earnest, or diligent person or attitude. Can be used for people, expressions, or approaches.
彼は真面目な人です。
He is a serious person.
真面目な話、それは無理だと思う。
Seriously speaking, I think that's impossible.
Emphasizes that someone is serious about an intention or action, not just saying it. Often used in questions to confirm sincerity.
Literally "without jokes," used to preface a serious statement or request.
冗談抜きで、助けてほしい。
Seriously, I need your help.
Describing a situation, problem, or condition that is bad, dangerous, or requires immediate attention.
Describing something that matters a lot, is significant, or should be taken seriously.
Describing a mood, expression, or atmosphere that is grave, quiet, and without humor.
Describing a romantic relationship that is committed and long-term.
A common term meaning 'serious dating' with marriage in mind.
私たちは真剣交際しています。
We are in a serious relationship.
These three words are often translated as 'serious' but have different nuances. 真面目 describes a person's character as diligent, earnest, and well-behaved. 真剣 implies intensity and earnestness in a specific action or situation, like a serious discussion or effort. 本気 emphasizes that someone is not joking and truly intends to do something. For example, a 真面目な人 (majime na hito) is a serious, reliable person; a 真剣な表情 (shinken na hyoujou) is an intense, serious expression; and 本気で言ってる (honki de itteru) means 'I mean it seriously.'
While 重症 (juushou) means 'serious' for medical conditions, in casual conversation it's more natural to use ひどい (hidoi) or 大変 (taihen) for injuries. Saying 深刻な怪我 (shinkoku na kega) is possible but sounds very grave; ひどい怪我 (hidoi kega) is more common for 'a serious injury' in everyday speech.
Are you serious?
彼は本気で留学を考えている。
He is seriously considering studying abroad.
Used for serious problems, situations, or expressions of concern. Implies depth and gravity.
状況は深刻だ。
The situation is serious.
深刻な顔をしているね。
You look serious (worried).
Emphasizes the importance and potential consequences of a matter. Often used for news, decisions, or incidents.
これは重大な問題だ。
This is a serious problem.
Specifically means 'serious' in a medical context, referring to a severe injury or illness.
彼は重症だ。
He is seriously injured/ill.
Conveys earnestness and intensity, often used for discussions, competitions, or relationships. Implies a high level of commitment.
真剣な話があるんだ。
I have something serious to talk about.
真剣に考えてください。
Please think about it seriously.
Means 'full-scale' or 'genuine', used when something is done seriously and thoroughly, not as a hobby or trial.
彼は本格的に日本語を勉強し始めた。
He started studying Japanese seriously.
Used for formal occasions, ceremonies, or a solemn atmosphere. Implies dignity and gravity.
式は厳粛に行われた。
The ceremony was conducted in a serious manner.
Describes a heavy, serious atmosphere or a person's dignified, imposing manner.
会議室は重々しい雰囲気だった。
The conference room had a serious atmosphere.
Literally 'a serious relationship', emphasizing genuine feelings and commitment.
彼とは本気の関係です。
I'm in a serious relationship with him.