Translation guide
The English word 'sprint' can refer to a short, fast run, a burst of speed in a race, or a brief period of intense effort. In Japanese, different words and phrases are used depending on the context.
To run at top speed for a short distance, as in athletics or casual running.
A noun meaning 'full-speed dash' or 'sprint'. Often used in sports contexts.
彼は最後の直線で全力疾走した。
He sprinted on the final straight.
A casual verb phrase meaning 'to dash' or 'to sprint'. Very common in everyday speech.
駅までダッシュした。
I sprinted to the station.
Literally 'short-distance running', used for sprinting events in track and field.
彼は短距離走が得意だ。
He is good at sprinting.
The loanword 'sprint', used mainly in sports contexts like cycling or track.
スプリントの練習をした。
I practiced sprinting.
To suddenly accelerate to maximum speed, especially near the end of a race.
A common phrase meaning 'to put on a spurt' or 'to sprint'. Used in races of all kinds.
最後のコーナーでスパートをかけた。
He sprinted at the final corner.
A noun meaning 'final sprint' or 'last spurt'. Often used in sports commentary.
彼のラストスパートは素晴らしかった。
His final sprint was amazing.
To work very hard for a short time, often to finish a task. Similar to 'crunch time' or 'push'.
Metaphorically extends the racing term to any final push. Very common in work or study contexts.
締め切り前にラストスパートをかけた。
I sprinted to finish before the deadline.
Means 'to tackle with full effort'. Not specifically a sprint, but conveys intense, focused work.
このプロジェクトに全力で取り組んだ。
I sprinted on this project.
Means 'to do in a short, concentrated burst'. Describes a sprint-like work style.
この作業は短期集中でやろう。
Let's sprint through this task.
全力疾走 is a formal noun for a full-speed run, often used in sports. ダッシュする is a casual verb for dashing or sprinting short distances. スプリント is a loanword used mainly in specific sports like track cycling or as a training term.
ラストスパート is very commonly used metaphorically for the final push in work or study, not just sports. It's a natural way to say 'sprint to the finish' in a project.
そのランナーは最後の100メートルを全力疾走した。
The runner sprinted the last 100 meters.