Translation guide
The English verb "wield" has two core meanings: physically holding and using a tool or weapon, and metaphorically exercising power or influence. Japanese uses different verbs for each, and the physical sense often requires specifying the object.
To hold a weapon or tool in your hands and use it skillfully or with force.
wield a sword · wield an axe · wield a knife · wield a bat
To have and use power, influence, or authority in a strong or effective way.
wield power · wield influence · wield authority · wield control
振るう implies controlled, purposeful wielding, while 振り回す suggests wild or careless swinging. For metaphorical power, only 振るう is used.
English "wield" often requires an object. In Japanese, you must specify what is being wielded. Simply saying 振るう without an object is unnatural unless the object is clear from context.
He wielded a sword.
職人が斧を振るう。
The craftsman wields an axe.
Emphasizes swinging something around, often wildly or carelessly. Can be used for weapons or tools.
彼は棒を振り回した。
He wielded a stick wildly.
A general verb meaning "to use." When context makes it clear you're holding and using a tool or weapon, this is a natural, simple option.
彼はナイフを上手に使う。
He wields a knife skillfully.
Means "to handle" or "to operate." Used when emphasizing skillful manipulation of a tool or weapon.
彼は剣を巧みに扱う。
He wields a sword skillfully.
The same verb as the physical sense, but used metaphorically. Commonly paired with 権力 (power), 権限 (authority), 手腕 (ability), etc.
彼は会社で絶大な権力を振るっている。
He wields enormous power in the company.
上司は人事権を振るう。
The boss wields personnel authority.
A formal verb meaning "to exercise" (rights, power, authority). Often used in legal or official contexts.
大統領は拒否権を行使した。
The president wielded the veto power.
Means "to display" or "to exert" (one's ability, influence, leadership). Focuses on demonstrating power or skill.
彼はリーダーシップを発揮した。
He wielded his leadership.
Simply means "to have." In some contexts, "have power/influence" can translate "wield" naturally, but it lacks the active nuance.
This is a stative verb; it doesn't convey the active use of power as strongly as 振るう.
彼は大きな影響力を持っている。
He wields great influence.