table
檯 centers on a flat surface for working or placing things: a table or desk.
檯 combines 木 (tree, wood) with 臺 (platform, stand), suggesting a wooden platform or table. The exact historical development is uncertain, but the component structure is clear.
The left side 木 is wood, and the right side 臺 looks like a raised platform. Picture a sturdy wooden platform used as a table.
For タイ, imagine tying a tablecloth onto the wooden table: tie -> タイ, and the table is ready for use.