noun
forestry; lumbering; timbering
Refers specifically to work in the forest industry: felling trees, logging, and related mountain labor.
祖父は若い頃、山仕事で生計を立てていた。
My grandfather made a living from forestry when he was young.
この地域で
Forestry is still a major industry in this region.
noun
work done in the mountains
Broader than forestry; can include any labor performed in mountainous areas, such as trail maintenance, charcoal making, or gathering wild plants.
夏の間、村の人たちは山仕事で忙しくなる。
During the summer, the villagers get busy with mountain work.
Compound of 山 (mountain) and 仕事 (work). The specific sense of forestry developed naturally from the historical importance of mountain forests as a source of timber and livelihood.