新しん石せっ器き時じ代だい

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Meanings

1

noun

Neolithic; New Stone Age

Archaeological term for the later part of the Stone Age, characterized by polished stone tools and the beginnings of agriculture.

new

石stone

器utensil, vessel, receptacle

時time, hour

代substitute, change, convert

旧きゅう石せっ器き時じ代だい
Refers to the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age), the earlier period before the Neolithic.
石せっ器き時じ代だい
General term for the Stone Age, encompassing both Paleolithic and Neolithic.

Compound of 新 (new), 石器 (stone tool), and 時代 (period/age). A straightforward calque of the English term 'Neolithic' or 'New Stone Age'.