noun
background check; probity investigation
A formal investigation into a person's conduct, character, and history, often for employment, security clearance, or pre-marital screening.
採用前に素行調査を行う企業が増えている。
More companies are conducting background checks before hiring.
彼は婚約者の素行調査を探偵に依頼した。
He hired a private investigator to look into his fiancée's background.
Compound of 素行 (conduct, behavior) and 調査 (investigation, inquiry).