Translation guide
The English word "vulnerable" covers a range of meanings from physical weakness to emotional openness. In Japanese, there is no single direct equivalent; the best translation depends on the specific nuance.
Describing a person, position, or system that is open to attack, harm, or damage.
Used for systems, infrastructure, or abstract things that are fragile or have weak points. Often used in technical or formal contexts.
このシステムはサイバー攻撃に脆弱だ。
This system is vulnerable to cyberattacks.
Literally 'defenseless'. Used for people, places, or situations that are unprotected and exposed to danger.
彼は無防備な状態で襲われた。
He was attacked while in a vulnerable state.
Means 'to have a weakness'. Used when someone or something has a specific point that can be exploited.
彼は優しいが、それが弱みでもある。
He is kind, but that is also his vulnerability.
Literally 'easily hurt'. Used for people who are emotionally or physically sensitive and easily wounded.
彼女は傷つきやすいから、言葉に気をつけて。
She is vulnerable, so be careful with your words.
Describing a person who is willing to show their true feelings, often in a relationship or personal context.
Means 'to open one's heart'. Used when someone becomes emotionally open and shares their inner thoughts or feelings.
彼に心を開くのは怖かった。
It was scary to be vulnerable with him.
Literally 'to show weakness'. Implies allowing others to see your vulnerabilities or imperfections.
彼女は私に弱さを見せてくれた。
She showed me her vulnerable side.
Means 'honest' or 'frank', often implying a willingness to be emotionally open without pretense.
Describing a person or thing that is likely to be affected by a particular problem or condition.
Used for susceptibility to illness or negative influences. Replace ～ with the condition.
高齢者は熱中症にかかりやすい。
Elderly people are vulnerable to heatstroke.
Means 'easily influenced by ~'. Used for abstract things like trends, emotions, or economic changes.
彼は周りの意見の影響を受けやすい。
He is vulnerable to the opinions of others.
There is no single Japanese word that covers all uses of 'vulnerable'. Using 脆弱 (ぜいじゃく) for emotional openness would sound unnatural. Always consider the specific nuance.
It's hard to express your vulnerable feelings honestly.