Translation guide
The English word 'thank' is most commonly expressed in Japanese with ありがとう (arigatou) and its polite variants. However, Japanese has many ways to express gratitude depending on formality, depth of thanks, and context. This guide covers the most useful expressions for learners.
ありがとう
Thank you (casual)
ありがとうございます
Thank you (polite)
Expressing thanks in casual, everyday situations among friends, family, or close acquaintances.
The standard casual 'thank you'. Use with friends, family, or people of equal or lower status.
プレゼントありがとう。
Thanks for the present.
A very casual, brief 'thanks'. Often used in passing or for small favors.
どうも。
Thanks.
Loanword from English, used very casually, often among young people.
サンキュー！
Thanks!
Expressing thanks politely in formal situations, to strangers, superiors, or in business settings.
The standard polite 'thank you'. Use with people you don't know well, superiors, or in formal contexts.
ご親切にありがとうございます。
Thank you for your kindness.
Polite past tense 'thank you', used when the favor or action is completed. Common after receiving a service or at the end of an interaction.
本日はありがとうございました。
Thank you for today.
A more emphatic polite 'thank you very much'.
どうもありがとうございます。
Thank you very much.
Expressing deep or heartfelt thanks, often for significant favors or kindness.
A formal expression meaning 'I am grateful'. Used in speeches, letters, or serious situations.
皆様のご支援に深く感謝します。
I am deeply grateful for everyone's support.
Humble form of 'I am grateful', showing respect to the listener. Common in business.
いつもご利用いただき、感謝しております。
We are always grateful for your patronage.
Literally 'I think of it as something to be thankful for'. A humble, somewhat formal expression.
お心遣いをありがたく思います。
I am thankful for your thoughtfulness.
Thanking someone for doing something, often using the te-form + くれてありがとう.
Pattern: Verb te-form + くれてありがとう. 'Thank you for doing ~'. The くれて implies the action was done for the speaker's benefit.
手伝ってくれてありがとう。
Thank you for helping me.
来てくれてありがとう。
Thank you for coming.
Polite version of the above pattern.
教えてくれてありがとうございます。
Thank you for telling me.
Thanking someone for a thing or abstract concept.
Pattern: Noun + をありがとう. 'Thanks for the ~'. Casual.
プレゼントをありがとう。
Thanks for the present.
Polite version of the above.
お土産をありがとうございます。
Thank you for the souvenir.
Expressing gratitude for something that has been done or is continuing, often using 〜てくれてありがとう or 〜ことに感謝する.
Already covered above, but specifically for past actions.
昨日は送ってくれてありがとう。
Thank you for driving me home yesterday.
Pattern: Verb dictionary form + ことに感謝します. 'I am grateful that ~'. Formal.
無事に帰れたことに感謝します。
I am grateful that I was able to return safely.
Expressing thanks for something that will be done in the future.
While not a direct translation of 'thank', this phrase is often used where English would say 'thank you in advance' or 'I appreciate your help'. It implies a request and thanks simultaneously.
明日の会議、よろしくお願いします。
Thank you in advance for tomorrow's meeting.
Can be used for future thanks if the action is certain, but よろしくお願いします is more natural for requests.
ご協力ありがとうございます。
Thank you for your cooperation (in advance).
How to respond when someone thanks you.
Standard 'you're welcome'. Polite but can sound a bit stiff in casual settings.
「ありがとう」「どういたしまして」
"Thank you." "You're welcome."
Casual 'no problem', 'not at all'. Very common in informal speech.
Polite 'don't mention it', 'it's nothing'. Humble and respectful.
「ありがとうございます」「とんでもないです」
"Thank you very much." "Don't mention it."
In Japanese, gratitude is often expressed through humble language, apologies, or phrases like 恐れ入ります (osoreirimasu) rather than a direct 'thank you'. In business settings, すみません (sumimasen) can also serve as a light thank you/apology.
すみません (sumimasen) is often used to express thanks for a small favor or when someone has gone out of their way, carrying a nuance of 'sorry for the trouble'. ありがとう is pure gratitude. In many situations, すみません is more natural for minor things.
（ドアを開けてもらって）すみません。
(When someone holds the door) Thank you / Sorry for the trouble.
「ありがとう」「いえいえ」
"Thanks." "No problem."