particle
Marks a temporal endpoint: an action or state continues up to that time. Often used with から for a range.
会議は5時まで続きます。
The meeting will continue until 5 o'clock.
昨日は夜遅くまで勉強した。
Yesterday I studied until late at night.
particle
Marks a spatial endpoint or destination: movement or extent reaches that place or person.
駅まで歩いて10分です。
It's a 10-minute walk to the station.
このバスは空港まで行きますか。
Does this bus go as far as the airport?
particle
to the extent of; even; so far as
Indicates an extreme degree or unexpected extent, often with a sense of 'even'. Common in patterns like ～までして or ～までになる.
彼は仕事のために海外まで行った。
He even went abroad for work.
そこまで言う必要はないよ。
You don't need to go so far as to say that.
particle
Used in set expressions like ～までだ or ～までのことだ to mean 'it's just that' or 'merely', often implying a limited or resigned conclusion.
念のため確認したまでです。
I just checked to be sure, that's all.
できなければ諦めるまでだ。
If I can't do it, I'll just give up.
The historical derivation is uncertain; まで has been used as a particle since Old Japanese.