noun, used as a prefix, noun, used as a suffix
Used as a prefix or suffix to indicate the female of an animal species, e.g., 雌犬 (female dog), 雌ライオン (lioness).
See also: 雄 (お)
うちの雌猫が子猫を産んだ。
Our female cat gave birth to kittens.
動物園で雌のパンダを見た。
I saw a female panda at the zoo.
noun, used as a prefix
smaller (of two); weaker (of two)
Prefix used in specific compound words to denote the smaller or weaker of a pair, such as 雌滝 (the smaller of two waterfalls). Not freely productive.
See also: 雌滝
「雌滝」は、二つある滝のうち小さい方を指す言葉だ。
The word 雌滝 refers to the smaller of two waterfalls.
noun
Only when written 女
Archaic noun meaning 'woman'. In modern Japanese, 女 (おんな) is used instead.
古文では雌をめと読んで女性を表すことがある。
In classical Japanese, 雌 can be read as め and mean woman.
noun
Only when written 妻
Archaic noun meaning 'wife'. Modern Japanese uses 妻 (つま).
古語では雌をめと読んで妻を意味した。
In old Japanese, 雌 could be read as め and mean wife.
Native Japanese word. The reading め is ancient and appears in many compounds. The kanji 雌, 女, 妻, and 牝 are all associated with female meanings, but their use with this reading is largely historical or specialized.