Translation guide
The process of making goods, especially in factories. In Japanese, the most common and versatile term is 製造 (seizō), but other words like 生産 (seisan) and 加工 (kakō) are used depending on the nuance of production, processing, or craftsmanship.
To refer to the industrial process of making products, especially in a factory setting.
The most direct and common translation for 'manufacturing'. It emphasizes the act of making or fabricating goods, often in a factory.
この工場では自動車部品を製造しています。
This factory manufactures automobile parts.
製造工程を見学する。
To observe the manufacturing process.
Often translated as 'production'. It has a broader sense, including the output or yield of goods, and is commonly used in economic contexts.
国内生産が増加している。
Domestic production is increasing.
この会社は年間100万台の車を生産している。
This company produces one million cars annually.
Implies making or crafting something, often with a sense of skill or artistry. Used for both industrial and artisanal production.
家具の製作を注文する。
To order the manufacturing of furniture.
To emphasize the transformation of raw materials into finished or semi-finished goods.
Focuses on processing, working on, or treating materials to change their form or add value. Common in food, metal, and wood industries.
Also used for processing when the focus is on the overall manufacturing of a product from raw materials.
To talk about the manufacturing sector of the economy.
The standard term for the manufacturing industry.
製造業は日本の経済にとって重要です。
The manufacturing industry is important for Japan's economy.
Refers to industry in general, often heavy or large-scale manufacturing.
To emphasize the skill and artistry in making something, often by hand or with traditional methods.
A broad term encompassing manufacturing, craftsmanship, and the spirit of making things. It carries a positive connotation of skill and dedication.
日本のものづくりは世界に誇れる。
Japan's manufacturing/craftsmanship is something to be proud of in the world.
As above, can imply careful making, not just industrial production.
伝統工芸品の製作
The making of traditional crafts
製造 (seizō) focuses on the process of making or fabricating, while 生産 (seisan) focuses on the output or volume of production. Use 製造 when talking about how something is made, and 生産 when talking about how much is produced.
When you want to emphasize the pride, skill, or cultural aspect of manufacturing, ものづくり (monozukuri) is a great choice. It's often used in promotional contexts or to describe Japan's manufacturing ethos.
原料から製品を製造する。
To manufacture products from raw materials.
重工業
Heavy industry